The mechanism of action of ATMP (Aminotrimethylene Phosphonic Acid) as a scale inhibitor in water treatment involves a combination of chemical sequestration, crystal modification, and dispersion effects. Here’s a detailed breakdown of how ATMP prevents scale formation:
1. Threshold Inhibition (Sequestration)
Chelation of Metal Ions:
ATMP’s phosphonic acid groups (–PO₃H₂) strongly bind to Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Ba²⁺, and Fe²⁺ ions in water, forming soluble complexes. This reduces the free ion concentration below the saturation point, preventing nucleation and precipitation of scales like CaCO₃, CaSO₄, and BaSO₄.
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